Jurnal Akuntansi

Accounting Information System and SMEs’ Financial Performance in Indonesia

Thalia Medina Lopung, Ronald Rulindo — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to investigate the effect of accounting information system (AIS) characteristics, namely broad scope, timeliness, aggregation and integration to financial performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. This study employs quantitative method and collects data from SMEs who do bookkeeping either manually or use more advance technologies. Multiple regression was applied in the analysis. The study's findings indicate that AIS has positive impact on SMEs’ financial performance, particularly due to the broad scope and timeliness aspects. This study, therefore, recommends SMEs to adopt AIS that employs those aspects in order to assist them to generate better performance.

Keywords: Accounting Information System, Broad Of Scope, Timeliness, Aggregation, Integration, and Financial Performance

Comparison of Waste Disclosure Based on GRI Standards in Subsidiary Companies of Pupuk Indonesia

Gale Faustina — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

In today’s world there has been an increase of expansions and developments of importance in industrial estates. The direct impact which has occurred from the expansion of the Industry is caused by pollution which occurred in the surrounding environment. The fertilizer industry is one of the industrial sectors which produces toxic and hazardous by-products that is harmful to the environment. PT. Pupuk Indonesia Holding Company (Persero) is one of the largest fertilizer producers in Asia and the top ten in the world. It is necessary to apply appropriate standards and according to the needs of each company. The GRI standards are standards that are widely used in terms of reporting economic, environmental and social impacts to the public. One of the indicators discussed in the GRI Standards is related to waste. This study aims to evaluate the comparison of disclosure of waste in sustainability reports based on the GRI standards at Pupuk Indonesia Group's subsidiaries. The results of the study show that all companies have indicators related to waste, and there is not a single company that does not disclose GRI indicators related to waste. PT. Pupuk Kalimantan Timur is the best, while PT. Pupuk Kujang is at the bottom.

Keywords: Fertilizer Company, GRI Standards, Sustainability Report, and Waste

Effectiveness of the Implementation of e-filing and e-billing and Taxation Understanding on Taxpayer Compliance in the City of Bandung (Case Study at the Bandung Cibeunying Primary Tax Office)

Tiolina Devi Panjaitan, Rini Handayani — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

One of Indonesia's main sources of income is taxes. By putting in place an e-filing and e-billing system, the government is attempting to increase tax compliance. This study's goal is to determine how e-filing, e-billing, and a better understanding of taxes affect taxpayer compliance in the city of Bandung. Quantitative research methodologies were used for this study. Taxpayers who are registered with KPP Pratama Bandung Cibeunying make up the study's population. 100 individual taxpayer respondents that were enrolled with KPP Pratama Bandung Cibeunying made up the research sample. Multiple regression analysis was used in this study to test the hypothesis. The findings demonstrated that growing taxpayer compliance in the City of Bandung was not impacted by the partial adoption of e-filing and e-billing, and that it was impacted somewhat by the level of tax understanding. According to this research, it can boost socialization of taxation to the larger community so that they can better understand the necessity of taxation and improve system performance and public comprehension of e-filing and e-billing uniformly.

Keywords: e-filing, e-billing, Understanding of Taxation, and Taxpayer Compliance

Trading Days, Systematic Risk, and Daily Standard Deviation in LQ-45 Stocks

Yana Hendayana, Daniel Nababan , Ivan Gumilar Sambas Putra — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to assess the impact of trading days and systematic risk on the daily standard deviation of stocks in LQ-45 companies. This study includes a sample of 45 companies listed on the LQ-45 index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses purposive sampling as the participant selection method. Hypotheses were tested using multiple linear regression analysis on SPSS version 26, with secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study has identified a significant relationship between trading days and systematic risk, which in turn affects the standard deviation of stocks. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of trading days and systematic risk on the daily standard deviation of stocks owned by companies listed in the LQ-45 index. Based on the results, it is concluded that trading days have an influence on the daily standard deviation of stocks, with Friday showing a significant impact. There is a positive correlation between the level of systematic risk and the magnitude of a stock's daily standard deviation.

Keywords: Trading Days, Systematic Risk, and Annual Standard Deviation

Does Transfer Pricing Costs and Profitability Impact Tax Avoidance?

Gabriel Anderson, Marthinus Ismail — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This study is examined with the target information whether there is an impact arising from transfer pricing and returns on assets to tax avoidance. This study uses secondary data that has been collected from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the form of financial reports (annual) for 2019-2021 in the trade, services & investment sector. The sample selection used a purposive sampling method. The results obtained from tests carried out on companies in the trade, service & investment sector, namely, transfer pricing has an impact on the possibility of carrying out tax avoidance with a value of 0.00, return on assets (ROA) has no impact on tax avoidance with a value of 0.053, and transfer pricing and return on assets (ROA) as a distinctive effect on tax avoidance with a value of 0.00.

Keywords: Transfer Pricing, Return on Assets, and Tax Avoidance

Carbon Emission Disclosure in the Energy Sector: Environmental Management System and Environmental Performance

Tasya Kemala Puteri, Wahdan Arum Inawati — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

When non-renewable energy sources like coal, oil, and natural gas are burned, extra carbon gas (CO2) is released into the environment. The corporation releases a statement regarding carbon emission disclosure, which is a part of carbon accounting and involves evaluating and lowering carbon emissions from each manufacturing activity. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the simultaneous and partial effects of the environmental management systems, environmental performance, leverage, and firm age control variables on carbon emission disclosure in the energy sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2021. Data analysis using panel data regression with the energy sector research population listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2017 to 2021. There were 10 research sample companies, with 2 companies being outliers, so that 40 samples were obtained with purposive sampling techniques. The test results show that environmental management systems, environmental performance, as well as leverage control variables and firm age have a simultaneous impact. Environmental management system with variable control leverage and firm age have partial positive impact and environmental performance with variable control leverage and firm age has no impact. This research is expected to help company management and investors in making decisions to invest in the energy sector.

Keywords: Environmental Management System, Environmental Performance, Carbon Emission Disclosure

Cash-Driven Resilience Capabilities and Cash Holdings of Manufacturing Companies During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Emillia Sastrasasmita, Elsa Imelda, Michele Tjen — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Saving cash is one of the company’s precautionary motives. The Covid-19 pandemic has increased liquidity risk and more companies are experiencing financial difficulties. The cash holdings during the Covid-19 pandemic shows the company's resilience. This research aims to determine the state of cash-driven resilience and cash holdings of companies in Indonesia which are influenced by return on assets, profit margin, and productivity of assets, liquidity, leverage and firm size. The research was to observe the changes in cash-driven resilience, driven by changes in world conditions before the pandemic in 2018 and 2019, and during the pandemic in 2020 and 2021. This research uses purposive sampling technique on manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Hypotheses are analyzed using data regression models in Eviews 12. The research results are intended to help management determine the company's resilience and optimal level of cash holdings. This research found that there was no difference in CDR before and during Covid-19. There are differences between PA and LIQ variables on CDR but not on ROA, PM and LEV. The study also shows that there is no influence of ROA, PM, and LEV on CASH. Meanwhile PA, LIQ, and SIZE have positive effects on CASH.

Keywords: Cash-Driven Resilience, Covid-19, Cash Holdings, and Financial Performance

Independent Commissioners, Company Size, and Financial Distress on Accounting Conservatism with Leverage as a Mediating Variable (Empirical Study on Financial Companies in the Insurance and Financing Sub-Sector Listed on the IDX 2019-2021)

Siti Ratih Nurwanti, Lia Uzliawaty, Tri Lestari — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This research is a descriptive quantitative research which is based on the condition of applying the principles of accounting conservatism in financial reports in Indonesia which still reaps pros and cons. As well as the results of previous studies regarding the influence of independent commissioners, company size and financial distress on accounting conservatism with leverage as a mediating variable, they are still inconsistent. In this study, samples were used in the form of secondary data from 25 financial companies in the insurance sub-sector and financing institutions listed on the IDX 2019 – 2021, which were obtained through the website www.idx.co.id. This study aims to determine: 1) The effect of independent commissioners on accounting conservatism. 2) The effect of firm size on accounting conservatism. 3) The effect of financial distress on accounting conservatism. 4) The effect of leverage on accounting conservatism. 5) The effect of independent commissioners on leverage. 6) The effect of firm size on leverage. 7) The effect of financial distress on leverage. 8) the influence of independent commissioners on accounting conservatism through leverage. 9) theeffect of firm size on accounting conservatism through leverage. 10) the effect of financial distress on accounting conservatism through leverage.

Keywords: Accounting Conservatism, Independent Commissioner, Financial Distress, Leverage, and Company Size

Corporate Social Responsibility dan Cost of Capital

Rahmat Setiawan, Savira Rizma Yunita — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to see how disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) impacts the cost of capital (COC). This study uses 260 observations of non-financial companies listed on the IDX from 2016 to 2018. The technical analysis in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that corporate social responsibility has a negative effect on the cost of equity and cost of debt.

Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Cost of Debt, and Cost of Capital

Operating Cash Flows, Foreign Ownership, and Solvency on Tax Avoidance

Nahda Paramitha, Kurnia Kurnia — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The government uses tax collection as a strategy to increase national income, but companies are trying to reduce the amount of tax that must be removed. This is what causes the practice of tax avoidance. The focus of this research is how factors such as operating cash flow, foreign ownership, and solvency affect tax avoidance. This study applied a purposive sampling technique for the sample, with a total of 18 companies selected as research objects from 2017 to 2021 and obtained 87 observational data from companies in the mining industry sector listed on the IDX. The data is examined using a technique called panel data regression analysis using Eviews 12 in its processing. The results reveal that operating cash flow, foreign ownership, and solvency affect simultaneously. However, partially operating cash flow has an effect on tax avoidance and for foreign ownership and solvency does not partially affect tax avoidance.

Keywords: Tax Avoidance, Operating Cash Flow, and Foreign Ownership, Solvency

Governance and Intellectual Capital in Companies that Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange

Widijaya Widijaya, Elita Elita — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Intellectual capital disclosure uses VAIC (Value-Added Intellectual Coefficient) disclosure methodology that reveals the company's ability to manage its intangible assets over time. The research was conducted using the sampling method from the financial statements of companies listed on the IDX. The financial statements used are reports from 2017 to 2021. The purpose of this study is to show that there is a significant positive, negative, or marginal effect between the variable 'independent committee' and corporate governance represented by board size. The number of committee members, block ownership and committee size indicate the dependent variable measured by the VAIC (Value Added Intellectual Coefficient) method, namely the frequency of intellectual capital examination and audit committee meetings. The validation of this research is done by analysis method using Eviews and SPSS program. The results showed that independent committee, committee size, and audit committee size have an effect on VAIC disclosure, while block ownership and the frequency of audit committee meetings do not.

Keywords: Corporate Governance, Intellectual Capital, VAIC

Analysis of the Effect of CSR on Corporate Value Mediated with Profit Management

Ivone Ivone, Alvina Alvina — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

With the help of control variables such as return on asset, leverage, book to market value, and firm size, this research seeks to determine how effective earning management can be as an intervening variable in a relationship between corporate social responsibility and firm value. This study uses secondary data of companies listed on the IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange) with data collected from 2018 to 2022 as a sample in the data analysis method. The data collection technique with a sample of 36 companies over a five-years so that the total sample is 180. The results of the study showed that the corporate social responsibility variable has a significant negative effect on firm value, corporate socialresponsibility has no significant effect on earnings management, and earnings management has a significant negative effect on firm value, and earnings management cannot mediate the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and firm value.

Keywords: Firm Value, Earning Management, and Corporate Social Responsibility

Facing the Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era Through 360-Degree Leadership Education for Accounting Students

Hanny Hanny, Nunik Lestari Dewi, Sinta Setiana, Meliana Halim — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 causes new challenges that require accountants to develop their skills continuously, including leadership skills (Biro Kerjasama dan Komunikasi Publik Kemenristekdikti, 2018). In connection with the development of leadership skills in the accounting profession, this research aims to examine the influence of 360-degree-based Leadership Education on accounting students' perceptions of the ideal leadership concept and its characteristics. This research also examines the differences in perceptions of accounting students regarding leadership and leadership characteristics before and after receiving their leadership education program. The unit of analysis for this research is accounting students who have taken 360-degree based leadership education and were students who have been researched respondents in the previous year when they had not taken this. This research used the Purposive Sampling method with a sample size of 92 people. The research hypothesis was tested by The Comparative Test and the Simple Linear Regression method. The results of this study indicate that 360-Degree Based Leadership Education influences students' perceptions of leadership and its ideal characteristics. This study also indicates that students' perceptionsregarding the concept and characteristics of ideal leadership have been changed after participated in this Leadership Education.

Keywords: The 360-Degree Based Leadership Education, Leadership, Perception, Leadership Characteristics, and Student of Accounting Program

Accounting Student Ethics Based on Gender

Nurul Fauziyyah, Alviansyah Sugama — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of ethical behavior exhibited by accounting students, with a focus on gender differences. The study involved an online survey of 124 accounting students from various universities in Indonesia, both public and private. The results of data analysis using an independent t-test indicated that there were no significant differences in the ethical behavior of accounting students based on gender. The implications of this research are significant in the context of accounting and business education in Indonesia. These findings indicate gender equality in the ethical behavior of accounting students. Therefore, accounting education can maintain a balanced approach in teaching accounting ethics without overly emphasizing gender differences. Students need to continue fostering the development of ethical character throughout their studies, not only in ethics courses but also in the general curriculum. Furthermore, this research can serve as a foundation for further studies that explore other factors influencing the ethical behavior of accounting students in Indonesia. The results are expected to support gender equality in accounting practices and education in the country, creating a more ethical and professional business environment.

Keywords: Ethics, Gender, and Accounting Student

Implementation of Freedom To Learn in Higher Education: Perceptions of Students, Lecturers, and Administration Staff

Christine Dwi Karya Susilawati, Se Tin Se Tin, Bernard Rhenaldi Sutedja — Wed, 01 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to explain the implementation of Free Learning - Independent Campus (MBKM) in a private university in West Java. Data was collected through a questionnaire via google link and analyzed descriptively. A total of 2,038 students, 257 lecturers and 190 administrative staff were sampled. Studies focus on knowledge, involvement, and impact of MBKM. The results of the study show, first, there are still many students, lecturers and education staff who know little and do not even know and understand the MBKM program; Second, information about MBKM is mainly obtained from internal universities; Third, the majority of lecturers contribute and play an active role in encouraging students to participate in MBKM activities; Fourth, the involvement of educational staff in the implementation of MBKM is still below 50% and they are already involved in administration, management, supervision and technical service functions; Fifth, MBKM provides additional competencies and skills, increases hard-skills and soft-skills, improves the learning process and lecturer capacity, fulfills graduate learning outcomes. This study provides a recommendation that there is a great need for sustainable socialization of the MBKM program with the aim of increasing understanding and eliminating misunderstandings about the MBKM program.

Keywords: MBKM Implementation, Knowledge, Engagement, and Impact